Understanding is invincible|Detailed explanation of the optical structure of the lens
Category： Industry News
Time：2023-09-21
The ancestor of lenses - monolithic lenses
The earliest lenses consisted of only one convex lens, which was the best structure and the worst
It is best to say that it is because the optical structure of the human eye, the world's most sophisticated camera, is a group, through our own super PS-brain to correct various physical defects;
It is said that the worst is because if the camera lens only has one lens, the spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, comet difference, and other differences of the picture will completely destroy the picture.
The earliest set of one-piece lenses was invented by the Englishman Wollaston in 1812, with a maximum aperture of F16, called a crescent-type landscape lens, which is non-replaceable and is mostly used on early simple square-box cameras (this type of camera was previously mainly used by painters for drawing).
The structure of the lens piece by piece is very simple as a moon-type lens
A set of lenses is currently not available, the most common is reading glasses, but it seems that it cannot be called a lens
In order to solve the problem of chromatic aberration of lenses, in 1821, invented by the Frenchman, the famous lens manufacturer Chevrlier, a 1 group of 2-element structure, the maximum aperture F14 achromatic lens, it is also a lens with a non-replaceable aperture.
It should be emphasized that the Kilux camera invented by Daguerre (the inventor of modern photography) in 1839 and manufactured by his relatives used this lens.
A set of two-piece structures is to bond the concave lens and the convex lens together, eliminating part of the chromatic aberration
Early achromatic lenses, the copper coin below is an aperture insert, manually changing the aperture (web source, unverified).
Evergreen Petzval structure
The official appearance of the large aperture lens in 1840, Austrian mathematician Professor Pittsvar used mathematical methods to design 3 groups of 4 elements, the maximum aperture F3.7 portrait lens, which is the popular Pittsfa lens, commonly known as the big old ruffian.
Early pittsfells were 4-slice 3-group structures
After 1878, it became a structure of 4 pieces and 2 groups
Pittsfa lenses are very popular in today's wet print photography industry and are in large quantities
From the early lens with non-changeable aperture to the aperture insert, the so-called "water room", and then to the later aperture page, it has undergone a long period of development
Pittsfa lenses aremore expensive because they are brass bodies, high-grade and even gold-plated, and during World War II, a large number of Pittsvar lenses were broken because the brass of the lens barrel was needed to make bullets
Miraculously, lenses from more than a hundred years ago are now available in new ones, and there are a variety of mounts to choose from, reflecting the charm of Pittsfell
Keywords： Understanding is invincible|Detailed explanation of the optical structure of the lens
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